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高考英语阅读推理判断_英语高考阅读理解推断题

tamoadmin 2024-05-16 人已围观

简介高考英语试题中阅读理解占40分,是试卷中所占比例最大的一部分。考生们在复习高考英语科目时,可以多做一些试题,下面就是我给大家带来的,希望大家喜欢!下面就是我给大家带来的 高三英语 阅读理解题训练及答案详解,希望大家喜欢! 第一篇: Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas

高考英语阅读推理判断_英语高考阅读理解推断题

高考英语试题中阅读理解占40分,是试卷中所占比例最大的一部分。考生们在复习高考英语科目时,可以多做一些试题,下面就是我给大家带来的,希望大家喜欢!下面就是我给大家带来的 高三英语 阅读理解题训练及答案详解,希望大家喜欢!

第一篇:

Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas. Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers. So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.

All together, this mass of waste flowing in the North Pacific Ocean is known as the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch. It weighs about 3 500 000 tons. The waste includes bags,bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.

The eastern part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is about l 600 kilometers west of California. The western part is west of the Hawaiian Islands and east of Japan. The area has been described as a kind of oceanic desert,with light winds and slow moving water currents. The water moves so slow that garbage from all over the world collects there.

In recent years,there have been growing concerns about the floating garbage and its effect on sea creatures and human health. Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floating waste,resulting in death or injury. Even more die from a lack of food or water after swallowing pieces of plastic. The trash can also make animals feel full,lessening their desire to eat or drink.

The floating garbage also can have harmful effects on people. There is an increased threat of infection of disease from polluted waste,and from eating fish that swallowed waste. Divers can also get trapped in the plastic.

Its existence first gained public attention in l997. That was when racing boat captain and oceanographer Charles Moore and his crew sailed into the garbage while returning from a racing event. Five years earlier,another oceanographer learned of the trash after a shipment of rubber duckies got lost at sea. Many of those toys are now part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.

In August,2009,a team from the University of California,San Diego became the

latest group to travel to it. They were shocked by the amount of waste they saw. They gathered hundreds of sea creatures and water samples to measure the garbage patch’s effect on ocean environment.

51.How did the writer introduce the topic of the passage?

A. By giving an example. B. By listing the facts.

C. By telling a story. D. By giving a comparison.

52.What do we know about the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?

A. It is made up of various kinds of plastic products.

B. It is a solid mass of floating waste materials.

C. It lies l60 000 kilometers east of California.

D. It is described as a kind of oceanic desert.

53.Why do people pay attention to the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?

A. Because it may prevent the flow of ocean water.

B. Because the polluted plastic articles will move up the food chain.

C. Because it may be from an island in the pacific.

D. Because ships may be trapped in the floating waste.

54.Which column can you find the passage on a newspaper?

A. Sports and entertainment. B. Media and culture.

C. Environment and society. D. Science and technology.

55.The purpose of writing this passage is to____________.

A. warn people of the danger to travel in the pacific

B. analyze what caused the waste patch in the pacific

C. give advice on how to recycle waste in the ocean

D. introduce the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch

第二篇:

Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland's volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.

WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.

Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.

"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans' exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.

Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."

60. The text is mainly about .

A. the effect of volcanic ash

B. the health risk of volcanic ash

C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash

D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash

61. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?

A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.

B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.

C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.

D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.

62. The underlined word “hysterical” in Paragraph4 most probably means .

A. amazing B. practical C. valuable D. overstated

63. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.

B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.

C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.

D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.

第一篇:

51.D。推理判断题。根据第一段”Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the state of Texas.Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers.So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.”可知,作者拿得克萨斯州与大量的垃圾漂浮物进行比较,所以选D项。

52.A。细节判断题。根据第二段中的”The waste includes bags,bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.”可知,这些垃圾漂流物是塑料制品。

53.B。细节理解题。根据第五段中的”There is an increased threat of infection of

disease from polluted waste,and from eating fish that swallowed waste.”可知受污染的塑料制品会通过食物链来影响人类。

54.C。推理判断题。根据本文内容可知,这篇 文章 最有可能出现在报纸上”环境与社会”这个栏目里。

55.D。作者意图题。本文通过介绍太平洋上漂浮的大量的塑料垃圾废物的情况,指出了它们对海洋中的生物以及人类的影响,所以D项正确。

第二篇:

60.D. 主旨大意题。本文主要就火山灰对人的健康的危害问题世卫组织和其他专家给出不同观点。A太笼统;B不能体现不同的观点;C与文章内容无关;D符合题意。

61. A. 细节理解题。第三段最后一句可知A是正确的;由第三段中During a volcanic eruption……in healthy people.可知B错误;由第三段中Other experts, however, weren't convinced…… cigarette smoke or pollution可排除C D。

62. D. 词义猜测题。由上文中volcanic ash is not all that harmful和下文中only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk可知D正确, 夸大的,言过其实的。

63.C. 由第三段 But once it falls from a greater distance….. effects are often minimal和第四段中 only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk以及第五段中 the further the particles travel, the more diluted and less dangerous they will be可知C正确。ABD观点表达绝对。

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5.图表图画题

在有图表图画的阅读理解中,有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中,有的出现在选项中,这些的出现增加了试题的直观性,同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候,一定要把握图表图画所暗含的信息,特别是有些事实是通过图表图画来叙述的,我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。

eg:The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008, .

A.the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points B.the percentage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged C.the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease

D.the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase 易错点、易混点归纳

细节理解题是阅读理解的主要题型,在近几年高考阅读题中占到60%~70%。针对这一题型,信息错位是考生经济犯的毛病。问题在于考生在紧张的考试过程中阅读不细,未找准题目所依据的事实。另外,长句难句也是阅读理解的一大障碍,考生对某些长句难句理解不透彻,造成歧义。再者,考生没有对干扰项回原文进行验证。因此,了解细节题干扰项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下,干扰项有如下几个特点:

1.文不对题:选项中的描述与原文完全一致,确属原文信息,但不是题目要求的内容;

2.主观臆断:选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论,符合常识,但不符合文章内容;

3.偷换概念:把原来做某事的“张三”换成“李四”,所述细节确实与原文一致,一不小心就会误选。

4.将原文内容扩大或缩小:与原文的内容极其相似,只是在范围或程度上有些变动; 5.无中生有:在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反; 6.选项内容部分正确,部分错误。 应对方法 1.“逆向法”。先读题干和四个选项,再根据内容筛选、提取有用信息。读题的时候,要抓住题干中的关键词,然后带着关键词仔细阅读文章相关内容。

2.“排除法”。排除选项时,注意与原文的异同,特别注意中心词的限定语,如名词的定语、动词状语等是否与原文一致,选项中的动词时态是否与原文一致。

3.对长句难句的处理鹫分析句子结构,明确主体成分,剔队长细枝末节。

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推理判断题

1.细节推理题

抓住某一段话中的关键信息,即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断、结合上下文或上下句推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。在推断中,我们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实,找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语,然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断,从而得出符合逻辑的结论。

(1)When she looked ahead,florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog.Her body was numb.She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours.Already she was the first woman to swim across the English Channel in both directions.Now at the age of 34,her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina to the California coast.

On that fourth of July morning 1952,the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense.She could hardly see her support boats.Sharks cruised toward her figure,only to be driven away by rifle shots.Against the frigid grip of the sea,she struggled on,hour after hour,while millions watched on national television.

Alongside Flrence in one of the boats,her mother and her trainer offered encouragement.They told her it wasn’t much farther.But all she could see was fog.They urged her not to quit.She never had…until then.With only a half mile to go,she asked to be pulled out.

What does“she never had …”in the third paragraph mean?

A.She had never been so desperate. B.She had never thought of giving it up.

C.She had never seen such thick fog. D.She had never swum across the strait before. (2)Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think,but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.The mental process(过程)is similar.Naturally,this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are,by any standards,good thinkers.

The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory.In particular,he showed that all games fall into two classes;there are what he called games of“perfect information”,games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks;they don’t win by chance,but by means of logic and skills.Then there are games of“imperfect information”,like poker,in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information.Quite the reverse,business,politics,life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors(因素),which would ever puzzle best poker players.But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance,and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess,not poker.

An important factor in a game of imperfect information is . A.rules B.luck C.time D.ideas 2.推测文章的观点或结论

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推测文章的观点或结论的语言表达形式有:

(1)It can be inferred from the passage that .

(2)What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? (3)From the passage we can conclude that .

这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点,而可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点,仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。

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